Methods for producing antimony white and its safety in use
Antimony trioxide The preparation methods are divided into dry and wet methods. The dry method is a method of producing the product by roasting and oxidizing antimony ore or metallic antimony. It is a method of preparing the product by a liquid-phase reaction of wet antimony ore or metallic antimony with acid.
Antimony trioxide Dry method: Antimony ore (Sb2S3) is calcined at 1000℃ in the presence of coke. The antimony trioxide vapor produced by oxidation is collected, condensed, and then reduced by heating with coke, using soda ash as a flux to produce metallic antimony. The resulting antimony metal is oxidized in air to obtain antimony trioxide.
Wet method:
(1) Ammonolysis of antimony salt: Metallic antimony reacts with chlorine gas to generate antimony white, which is distilled, hydrolyzed, ammonolyzed, washed, centrifuged, and dried to obtain the finished product antimony trioxide.
(2) Hydrochloric acid method using antimony ore as raw material: Antimony ore reacts with hydrochloric acid in the presence of nitric acid, and the finished product is obtained by hydrolysis, precipitation, and drying.
Antimony trioxide is an additive flame retardant, often used with other flame retardants and smoke suppressants, and synergy can be produced between the components. In the initial stage of combustion, antimony trioxide melts and forms a protective film on the surface of the material to isolate the air, and reduces the combustion temperature through an endothermic reaction. At high temperatures, antimony trioxide vaporizes and dilutes the oxygen concentration in the air, thus playing a flame-retardant role.
Antimony trioxide The reagent is packed in glass bottles, with a net weight of 500 grams per bottle. It is packaged in other plastic woven bags or iron drums lined with polyethylene plastic bags, with a net weight of 50 kg per bag or drum. Store in a cool, dry warehouse. Do not store and transport with concentrated inorganic acids and caustic soda. During transportation, it should be protected from rain, sun, and light, and stored in a sealed container. Toxicity protection: Acute poisoning is manifested as irritation to the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and skin. Chronic poisoning can affect metabolism, dry skin, cracked fingers and nose, and cause allergic diseases (eczema and urticaria). When poisoned through the respiratory tract, large amounts of sweet tea or coffee drinks, aspirin, and aminopyrine can be given. When swallowing dust poisoning, tannic acid solution and protein water can be used repeatedly to wash the stomach, and warm milk and mucus drinks (coix seed soup) can be taken. The allowable concentration in the air should be 1mg/m3. Use protective equipment during operation. Dust formation and discharge into the air of the workshop should be prevented.
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